Instruction: Answer ALL questions.
1. Write a post discussing the following:
(i)
Hypertext Transfer
Protocol (Http) and Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure (Https)
Hypertext Transfer Protocol (Http)
Hyper Text Transfer Protocol could be known as enables
the web server software and the client software (i.e. the browser) communicate.
HTTP communication consist of 2 phases, the request and the response. Each HTTP
communication between a browser and a web server consist of 2 parts: a header
and a body.
Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure (Https)
Hyper Text Transfer Protocol Secure (HTTPS) is the
secure version of HTTP, the protocol over which data is sent between your
browser and the website that you are connected to. The 'S' at the end of HTTPS
stands for 'Secure'. It means all communications between your browser and the
website are encrypted. HTTPS is often used to protect highly confidential
online transactions like online banking and online shopping order forms.
Web browsers such as Internet Explorer, Firefox and
Chrome also display a padlock icon in the address bar to visually indicate that
a HTTPS connection is in effect.
The major benefits of a
HTTPS certificate are:
·
Customer information, like credit card numbers, is
encrypted and cannot be intercepted
·
Visitors can verify you are a registered business
and that you own the domain
·
Customers are more likely to trust and complete
purchases from sites that use HTTPS
(ii)
Briefly discuss
the operation of Packet-Switched Network in your own word. Your discussion must
contain AT LEAST 100 words. Please attach
with the Packet-Switched Network diagram.
Packet-switched networks move data in separate, small
blocks(packets) based on the destination address in each packet. Packet-switched describes the type of network in which relatively small
units of data called packets are routed through a network based on the
destination address contained within each packet. Breaking communication down
into packets allows the same data path to be shared among many users in the
network. This type of communication between sender and receiver is known as
connection less (rather than dedicated). Most traffic over the Internet uses
packet switching and the Internet is basically a connection less network.
When received, packets are reassembled in the proper
sequence to make up the message.
Example of packet-switching: In the second
example, you switch on your PC and connect to your favourite site that offers a
number of applications you can download from, so you begin downloading one
application at a time. Each packet has to find its own route to the
destination, i.e., your computer. Each packet finds its way using the
information it carries, such as the source and destination IP address. If
network congestion occurs, the routers responsible for
routing packets between networks will automatically select different paths
to ensure data is transferred as required.
(iii)
Discuss the
differences of cellular transmission General packet
radio service (GPRS) and 4G in your own word. Provide with ONE (1) limitation of GPRS
General packet radio service
(GPRS)
General Packet Radio Service
(GPRS) is a packet-based mobile data service on the global system for mobile
communications (GSM) of 3G and 2G cellular communication systems. It is a
non-voice, high-speed and useful packet-switching technology intended for GSM
networks.
GPRS can be used to enable
connections depending on Internet protocols that support a wide variety of
enterprises, as well as commercial applications. It enables the sending and
receiving of compact data bursts and large data volumes across mobile phone
networks. Prior to sending the data, it is broken into individual packets and
shifted through the core network and radio. The data is then reassembled at the
recipient's end.
4G
4G is a collection of fourth
generation cellular data technologies. It succeeds 3G and is also called
"IMT-Advanced," or "International Mobile Telecommunications
Advanced."
All 4G standards must conform
to a set of specifications created by the International Telecommunications Union.
For example, all 4G technologies are required to provide peak data transfer
rates of at least 100 Mbps. While actual download and upload speeds may vary
based on signal strength and wireless interference, 4G data transfer rates can
actually surpass those of cable modem and DSL connections.
(iv)
Attach a video
clip discussing about the history of Internet at the end of the post.
